Abstract
Anaemia is a leading cause of maternal deaths and adverse pregnancy outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries. Overall, 12% of low birthweight, 19% of preterm births, and 18% of perinatal mortality are attributable to maternal anaemia. 1 The prevention and timely management of anaemia is therefore essential to attain Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 on ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing. Accurate measurement of haemoglobin allows the identifi cation and treatment of individuals with anaemia, controlling the severe consequences of this condition. Unfortunately, in the peripheral health services of low-income countries, where the capacity to identify individuals with anaemia is most needed, haemoglobin is usually assessed only by clinical examination (ie, assessment of conjunctival and palmar pallor), an approach requiring a long training time and vast clinical experience to be fairly accurate. 2
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