Abstract
Abstract. Geomatics' interest in Building Information Modelling (BIM) processes applied to Cultural Heritage is evolving in many directions. The traditional fields of Geomatics -data acquisition and processing- have been largely dealt with about HBIM (Historical Building Information Modelling) systems, but there are still some issues that need to be explored in more detail. In addition to modelling, it is essential to consider the information content of the model, how it is generated, recorded and managed.If the objective of the HBIM model is the conservation project, it becomes essential to understand what types of data can be inserted in the model, how to record them and, above all, what their purpose is. The HBIM approach did not start out as a simple data repository, but as an information tool with the aim of helping the designer at all stages of the construction process. Moving to the field of preservation, much information about the building is represented by thematic maps. They allow to have a graphical image of the state of conservation of a façade or to understand the structural situation of a building.This research, tested on the Arch of Augustus in Aosta, starts from the big amount of data acquired by the RAVA Laboratory of the Superintendency of Aosta during a long period. These data allowed to test different approaches to thematic mapping, according to the specific themes to be represented (previous restoration interventions, diagnostics, decay mapping, etc). Anyway, this experiment also required a theoretical reasoning that preceded the operational phases. Faced with a new system, in fact, it is always advisable to reason about the method applied, to avoid the error of simply translating a method that could instead be developed in new directions. The question, to which this article wants only to begin answering, concerns the role of thematic mappings in the preservation design made by a HBIM approach, their necessity and their implementation towards a truly three-dimensional data, which thus maintains all the information that is acquired directly in three dimensions and which instead, today, are reprojected in 2D or used as a placeholder in the 3D space.
Highlights
Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) models, which by their very nature deal with the existing heritage of different cultural and historical value, have a strong documentary component
This paper describes how the documental information related to thematic mapping of the Arch of Augustus were retrieved and stored directly in the 3D model on the 3D objects
Even if it is not the topic of this paper, it is important to stress that thematic mapping requires a very accurate design phase, in order to correctly highlight the theme to be mapped, to develop eventual databases to be linked with photos of documentation, summary descriptions, standard descriptions, codes and all the elements that are considered necessary to link to the single theme
Summary
Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) models, which by their very nature deal with the existing heritage of different cultural and historical value, have a strong documentary component. It is essential to find ways of reporting thematic information through 3D graphic models concerning materials, decays, results of specific analysis, diagnostics and information about the development of the building or its previous restoration interventions This step gives rise to misunderstandings that do not always make the model effective or, at least, limit its potential use. From practice and from interviews with companies operating in the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector, emerges that thematic mapping constitutes a double job, carried out firstly in the 2D environment according to traditional methods (i.e. using orthophotos in CAD environment), and secondly, reconstructing them in the 3D BIM Authoring environment exploiting various tailor-made methods All these problems, and others later described, have been faced in the study of the Arch of Augustus in Aosta (Italy) in the research aimed to develop a new preservation project (Adami et al, 2021). A detailed part of the paper describes the script, written in Dynamo, which allows to retrieve previous graphical mapping of decay in the actual BIM environment, allowing to have significant 3D mapping
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