HAZARDOUS MARINE HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENA IN THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF THE BLACK SEA

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. The important object of investigation is the Northwestern part of the Black sea. The Northwestern part of the Black sea located in Ukraine with a big population on the cost under the influence of climate change that reflected on economic potential of the region. The examples of natural phenomena with negative influence to the social - economic situation of the region and safety of population were considered as well. Purpose is the scientific review about the general specification and development tendencies of the hazardous marine hydrological phenomena in the Northwestern part of the Black sea. Data & Methods. The sea level dynamic, the intensity of abnormal weather condition, ice regime formation, salinization in the river mouth areas, etc. were considered, hi tlie processing of information and data set methods of mathematical statistics were used. Results. Because of the general increasing of the Black Sea level, one should expect a further increasing of the negative impact of hazardous surges to the infrastructure and ports activities in the Northwestern part of the sea. The appearance of a draft in the port’s area occurs after an eastern direction stonn with a speed of 10-15 m s 1 and duration of 20 horns was established, hi most cases, this phenomenon is preceded by the emergence of Mediterranean cyclones and local cyclogenesis in the Southwestern part of the Black Sea. Over the past 30 years, the frequency of mild winters in the Black Sea has increased by about 15 %, and the frequency of mild and severe winters has decreased by 4 % and 19 %, respectively. There were changes in the time of the appearance of ice, and cleansing the sea from ice regime. In the northwestern part of the Black Sea, ice formation is obseived later by 2-3 weeks, and ice cleansing is 1-2 weeks earlier than in the past years. The duration of tlie ice regime period also decreased - by about a month. During the last 100 years, the Black sea level has been slowly rising and in the future, if the tendency of increasing continues or intensifies, the magnitude of the surges of water level in the coastal zone and the distribution range of the surges deep into the Danube Delta will be increased. As a result of data analyses the regular appearance of a “wedge” of salty water in the non-tidal mouth of the Danube occurred during the low-water period with a steady wind from the sea side was found. According modern satellite data the human press impact as a large scale euthrophication phenomenon in the Northwestern marine area and near bottom hypoxia as well had been marked. Keywords: northwestern part of the Black Sea, sea level, ice regime, salinization in river mouths, euthrophication phenomenon.