Hate Speech and Identity Crystallization in Indonesia’s Cyberpolitics: Peace-Making Criminology Approach

Abstract

This study aims to present aspects of mass psychology and to examine the representation of crimes against hate speech. This study uses a combination of library research design and field research based on virtual ethnography. Virtual ethnographic studies are used to explore the elements that accompany the choices and attitudes of a person or group through interaction data in the world of social media. This is supported by a peacemaking criminology approach to determine the ecosystem for the use of hate speech. This paper proves that a person's motivation to use speech that can offend or cause hatred is strongly influenced by responses to other behaviors. Hate speech undergoes a cultural configuration in a society controlled by the struggle for hegemony and sensitivity to offense. Peacemaking criminology provides an alternative to criminal independence for perpetrators of hate speech after realizing their mistakes and willing to take responsibility. Hate speech is an expression of identity resistance because of a different social environment so that the imposition of criminal sanctions is not based on domination on the basis of revenge and deterrence. Keywords: hate speech, configuration, culture, identity politics, hegemony, peace. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.60.10