Hashitoxicosis: A clinical perspective

Abstract

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism worldwide. Sometimes, it is associated with a transient hyperthyroid phase. This hyperthyroid phase, called Hashitoxicosis (the term generally refers to a combination of thyrotoxicosis/hyperthyroidism in the setting of ongoing autoimmune thyroiditis), is self limiting, and lasts for a period of a few weeks to some months. During this time, classical symptoms of mild to moderate hyperthyroidism may co-exist with a diffuse, firm, painless goiter. Thyroid scintigraphy may show normal or a slightly increased uptake. Anti-thyroid antibodies are often positive, and ultrasound with Doppler is a useful test. A combination of clinical features, thyroid function tests, and appropriate radiology will help make the diagnosis. This mini review will touch upon the clinical aspects of Hashitoxicosis.