Has socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services narrowed among older adults in China?

Abstract

ObjectiveTo analyze the degree, evolution and causes of socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services among the older adults in China.MethodsThe data used in this study were drawn from the 4 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2008, 2011, 2014, 2018. Erreygers index (EI) was used to measure socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services in each survey wave. A panel logit regression model was used to examine the impact of socioeconomic status on perceived access to health services. The recentered influence function (RIF) regression decomposition method was used to explore the causes of socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was employed to adjust estimates for missing responses and loss to follow-up.Results“Pro-rich” socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services in China was found with inequality falling through time. The older adults with higher incomes, who had adequate financial support, and those who were wealthier compared with other residents reported lower socioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services. Having basic health insurance and access to care resources when ill can help alleviate such inequalities.ConclusionsSocioeconomic inequality in perceived access to health services was shown to be responsive to policies that enhance health insurance coverage and support the provision of (paid and unpaid) caregiving for the older adults.