Abstract
Biosynthesis of two pharmaceutically and nutraceutically active Pentacyclic-triterpenes (PCTs), namely Corosolic [CA] and Arjunic [AA] acids, had been first time achieved in the hairy root (HR) clones of four Ocimum species (O. basilicum, O. grattisimum, O. kilimandscharicum and O. sanctum), contrasting to their absence in the respective controls. Additionally, compared with each in-vivo controls, their respective HR clones revealed enhanced synthesis of four more PCTs, (i.e., Ursolic acid [UA], Oleanolic acid [OA], Maslinic acid [MA], and Betulinic acid [BA]), in growth dependent manner with notable inter-species yield variations. Real-time analysis revealed noticeable up-regulations of functionally-defined hydroxylase and oxidase genes of CYP716 family in the HR clones over that of their parents, which postulates their possible involvements in the synthesis of CA & AA plus increased levels of the other PCTs in the HR clones. Bioreactor up-scaling further revealed rewarding potentials of the HR technology in Ocimum for synthesis of such distinctive PCTs of immense industrial applications.
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