Abstract
During the long history of their evolution, higher organisms, including mammals, have learnt to take great advantage from living in close contact with selected populations of microbes.1 By living in close contact, animals and microbes underwent a progressive and mutual co-evolutive process that is believed to be a major driving force in the development of adaptive immunity of vertebrates.2.
Highlights
During the long history of their evolution, higher organisms, including mammals, have learnt to take great advantage from living in close contact with selected populations of microbes.[1]
Bacterial products released by a dysbiotic microbiota interact with homeostatic mechanisms of the human host and cooperate to the pathogenesis of major human diseases, including diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel syndrome, atherosclerosis, obesity, liver disease, and cancer.[4,7]
The effects of oral dysbiosis are not limited to oral tissues: periodontal diseases, for example, are among the most common human diseases and their associations with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease and obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, certain cancers, respiratory diseases, and cognitive disorders is supported by increasing evidence.[12]
Summary
During the long history of their evolution, higher organisms, including mammals, have learnt to take great advantage from living in close contact with selected populations of microbes.[1]. Bacterial products released by a dysbiotic microbiota interact with homeostatic mechanisms of the human host and cooperate to the pathogenesis of major human diseases, including diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel syndrome, atherosclerosis, obesity, liver disease, and cancer.[4,7]
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