Harnessing the potential use of cellulolytic Klebsiella oxytoca (M21WG) and Klebsiella sp. (Z6WG) isolated from the guts of termites (Isoptera)

Gamachis Korsa,Chandran Masi,Mesfin Tafesse,Rocktotpal Konwarh

doi:10.1186/s13213-021-01662-4

Gamachis Korsa, Chandran Masi + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-021-01662-4

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundFor many years, denim-heavy quality cotton twill colored with indigo colors and with a well-worn/faded look has held a lot of appeal. Machine damage, drainage system blockage, and other issues come with the conventional usage of pumice stones for “stone-washing” denims. In view of the abovementioned information, a range of works has been done to investigate the economic prospects of bacterial cellulase enzymes for use in industrial processes, including biopolishing in the textile sector. Ethiopia has excellent termite diversity to isolate bacterial gut-associated cellulose enzymes for biostoning applications. The main purpose of this study was, therfore, to decipher how to isolate and characterize cellulase enzymes from termite (Isoptera) gut bacteria with the intention of employing it for biostoning of textiles.PurposeTo use cellulolytic enzymes of Klebsiella oxytoca (M21WG) and Klebsiella sp. (Z6WG) isolated from termite guts in biostoning of textiles and improving garment quality.MethodsCellulase enzyme-producing bacteria were isolated and screened from the guts of worker termites sampled from Meki and Zeway termite mounds in the Central Rift Valley region of Ethiopia. Bacterial screening, biochemical, morphological, and 16S rRNA sequence identification techniques were employed to characterize the bacterial strains. In addition, the production, optimization, and purification of the associated cellulase enzymes were employed, and the potential application of the enzymes for biostoning of a textile was demonstrated.ResultThe isolated M21WG was found to be 99% identical to the Klebsiella oxytoca (MT104573.1) strain, while the isolated Z6WG showed 97.3% identity to the Klebsiella sp. strain (MN629242.1). At an ideal pH of 7, a temperature of 37 °C, a 72-h incubation time, and a substrate concentration of 1.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium, the maximum activity of the crude cellulase extract from these bacteria was assessed. These bacteria produced cellulase enzymes that were moderately efficient. Consequently, it was determined that the cellulase enzymes were effective for biostoning of denim cloth.ConclusionIt was determined that Klebsiella oxytoca (M21WG) and Klebsiella sp. (Z6WG) could be used as a doorway to better understand harnessing the use of these cellulase-producing bacteria from termite (Isoptera) guts. In this study, it was also attempted to assess the effectiveness of the two bacterial isolates in biostoning in anticipation of their potential application in the textile realm.

Highlights

For many years, denim-heavy quality cotton twill colored with indigo colors and with a well-worn/ faded look has held a lot of appeal
It was determined that Klebsiella oxytoca (M21WG) and Klebsiella sp. (Z6WG) could be used as a doorway to better understand harnessing the use of these cellulase-producing bacteria from termite (Isoptera) guts
The soil interface-feeding higher termite samples were obtained in the central Rift Valley, in the eastern part of Shawa Zone, Oromia Regional State, 121.4 km from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Summary

Introduction

Denim-heavy quality cotton twill colored with indigo colors and with a well-worn/ faded look has held a lot of appeal. A type of eusocial insect, have been known to create devastation on lignocellulosic materials such as wood and crops, as well as other man-made buildings (Eggleton, 2010; Nobre and Nunes, 2007) Termites depending on their evolutionary level, both in terms of behavior and anatomy, are divided into higher and lower categories (Ferbiyanto et al, 2015; Kakkar et al, 2015; Sreena et al, 2015; Sakolvaree and Deevong, 2016; Javaheri-Kermani and Asoodeh, 2019; Oberstet al., 2020; Kumar and Upadhyay, 2021). Insects can be transiently or permanently infected with gut-associated microbes such as bacterial gut (Panthoea and some Erwinia species, which assisted in plant cell wall cellulose degradation), fungi, protozoa, and viruses, and this association can be useful or harmful (Kakkar et al, 2015; Bozorov et al, 2019)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion