Harnessing Nature’s Green Potential: Nanotechnology Driven Fabrication of Plant-Derived Nanoparticles

Abstract

Millions of tons of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are synthesized each year and used in various fields like nano-enabled devices, personal care, medicine, food, and agriculture. The reaction chemicals and processes employed in the industrial synthesis of MNPs are well acknowledged to be hazardous to the environment.Green synthesis has been recommended as a means of minimizing the usage of harmful substances and adverse chemical modification in the synthesis of MNPs. Extracts of organic chemicals, microorganisms, plants and plant-derived materials have all been employed as reducing agents in green synthesis.One of the most efficient, easy, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable techniques for reducing the usage of toxic chemicals is to employ plant extracts in the synthesis of MNPs. Several eco-friendly procedures for the fast production of MNPs have been reported by utilizing aqueous extracts of plant components including the leaf, bark, flower, peel, shoot, tuber, resin, roots etc.Every year, new scientific publications are released, with each one highlighting the advantages of the green methodover classic synthesis. However, over two decades after the preliminary reports about the new technique exploded, commercial production of green-synthesized nanoparticle (NPs) does not appear to have found a means to scale up. This review covers green MNPs synthesis from various plant extracts and their potential applications as antimicrobial agents covering the literaturesince 2015. While highlighting the use of MNPs in a variety of fields and the potential impact of phytochemicals associated in MNPs production.