Abstract
Energy storage technologies have gained considerable momentum in the recent years owing to the rising tide of renewables. The deployment of energy storage is a trend set to continue into 2018 and beyond. In the near future, compressed air energy storage (CAES) will serve as an integral component of several energy intensive sectors. However, the major drawback in promoting CAES system in both large and small scale is owing to its minimum turn around efficiency. In the present work the major drawbacks associated with various existing configurations of CAES system are analysed. Interesting results of Isothermal CAES system are obtained through the present analysis to generate additional output energy compared to the supplied input by harnessing the free energy from the natural water bodies/ocean to enhance the overall turnaround efficiency of the system. The optimum operational characteristics of charging and discharging cycles are also addressed. In the present energy scenario, increasing the percentage of renewable energy (RE) share in the power generation is quite challenging since RE based power generation is intermittent in nature. The integration of energy storage technologies with RE source is imperative as it mitigates the intermittency of available energy. However, the development of efficient energy storage systems is one of the prime challenges in the promotion of renewable energy in a large scale. Among the various storage systems, electrochemical battery storage and pumped hydro storage (PHS) have attracted the commercial market. However, the shorter cycle life makes the battery storage more expensive and the PHS systems involves certain geographical and site constraints. Beyond the said storage systems, compressed air energy storage system which is one of the technically proven system has not been targeted the commercial market owing to its lower turnaround efficiency. Hence, the motivation behind the present research is towards developing efficient CAES configuration with higher turnaround efficiency thereby attaining economic feasibility and sustainability.
Highlights
Hartmann et al.2 analysed the efficiency of one full charging and discharging cycle of several adiabatic compressed air energy storage configurations
In reality, more mass of air could be accumulated when the air temperature is minimum and in this configuration, in order to accommodate more mass of air at higher temperature the system demands for large volume of storage tank which escalate the investment cost up. (iii) In the advanced adiabatic storage system (AA-compressed air energy storage (CAES)) the heat of compression is stored in a thermal storage medium and, during the expansion process, this heat is retrieved for heating the compressed air and the additional heat is supplied by external sources to achieve higher power input
The thermodynamic analysis performed in the present investigation assuming that all the components involved in the system were operated with 100% efficiency
Summary
Hartmann et al. analysed the efficiency of one full charging and discharging cycle of several adiabatic compressed air energy storage configurations. Kushnir et al. studied the thermodynamic response of underground cavern reservoirs for the analysis of charge/discharge cycles of compressed air energy storage plants. Li et al. proposed a novel micro trigeneration based compressed air system with thermal energy storage technologies They have performed the thermodynamic analysis and found that the average comprehensive efficiency is around 50% and 35% in winter and summer respectively that appears to be much higher than the conventional trigeneration system. (iii) In the advanced adiabatic storage system (AA-CAES) the heat of compression is stored in a thermal storage medium and, during the expansion process, this heat is retrieved for heating the compressed air and the additional heat is supplied by external sources to achieve higher power input. The research group headed by Yulong Ding, University of Birmingham, has started utilizing the cryogenic energy available during the expansion of compressed air for liquefaction of air
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