Harmony search meta-heuristic algorithm based on the optimal sizing of wind-battery hybrid micro-grid power system with different battery technologies

Abstract

Wind power is a clean and renewable energy source that can contribute to sustainable development. To improve the utilization rate of wind power and reduce the cost of its use in grid-independent areas, this study performs an in-depth evaluation and analysis of the optimal design of wind-battery hybrid micro-grid power schemes with different battery technologies such as Nickel-Iron, Lithium-Ion, and Lead-Acid (LA). First, a mathematical model of a stand-alone wind-battery hybrid micro-grid power scheme is established, to evaluate the overall operation cost and reliability and estimate the optimal design of the micro-grid power scheme with different battery technologies. Then, an improved harmony search meta-heuristic algorithm is presented to optimize the system cost and reliability as the output, which was conceptualized using the musical process. The proposed meta-heuristic algorithm is compared using the original harmony search algorithm. Finally, the effects of wind speed, load demands, interest rate, battery lifetime, and the battery's depth of discharge are investigated for the overall operation cost and reliability. Experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for solving optimal design problems and can reduce the total cost by 13.5 % and can reduce the average simulation time by 1.5 % compared to the original harmony search method. In different scenarios, when an LA battery is selected for the hybrid micro-grid power system; it is suitable for solving the power supply problem and can reduce the total cost and can increase the reliability of the scheme compared to the other case. Finally, system optimization can effectively contribute to the expansion of wind energy use and sustainable development.