Harmonization of Geographical Indication (GI) Registration: A Case Study of Doi Tung Coffee

Abstract

Coffee is one of the world’s most valuable commodities. However, both the refining procedure and the growing environment make each source of coffee unique. Recognizing this, the concept of geographical indication has emerged as a vital legal instrument to safeguard the intellectual property rights associated with specific products. Since this protection is jurisdiction-based, each nation can customize its own safeguarding measures and registration procedures to its internal policies and preferences, resulting in differing costs to producers. Multiple registrations in different jurisdictions are required for obtaining protection under the geographical indication realm, consequently creating a complex landscape to certain producers. This article aims to delve into the issues surrounding multiple registrations by examining the experiences of Doi Tung Coffee’s registrations in Thailand, the European Union, and Japan. Furthermore, harmonization of registration is proposed as a potential solution. By streamlining the registration process across territories, the harmonization approach seeks to minimize the costs associated with multiple registrations and ultimately bolster the competitive edge of producers in the global market. It also underscores the significance of providing adequate protection to promote the growth and success of coffee producers worldwide.