Abstract
A harmonically mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on a dual-loop architecture is proposed to generate a microwave pulse train with ultra-low supermode noise. Through using a dual-loop architecture, the unwanted longitudinal modes can be weakened by the “Vernier effect” at the early stage of the oscillation, which is beneficial for suppressing the supermode noise originating from phase locking among the unwanted modes in a harmonically mode-locked OEO. The proposed scheme is numerically and experimentally demonstrated. In the experiment, microwave pulse trains with repetition rates of 179 kHz and 186 kHz are generated through 2nd- and 5th-order harmonic mode locking, where the supermode noise suppression ratios are measured to be beyond 60 dB and 55 dB, respectively. The effective suppression of supermode noise can greatly improve the output power stability and the correlation between different pulses. Under 2nd-order harmonic mode locking, the output power drifts of the single-loop and the dual-loop architectures are measured to be 38.13 dB and 0.97 dB, respectively.
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