Abstract
The traction transformer of the traction drive system of a high-speed train is one of the main equipments for energy conversion. The transformer loss will be increased by load harmonics and pantograph arcs at high speed. It is very important to predict losses for the improvement of traction transformer design. In this paper, a dynamic model of the pantograph-catenary system is established using the MSC.Marc software based on the finite element method to analyze disconnection events in different speeds. Then the pantograph arc, traction transformer and four-quadrant converter model is set up. Resistance variations with the change of harmonic frequency have been considered in the calculation formulae of harmonic losses. Traction transformer losses can be calculated based on the harmonic T-equivalent circuit and superposition principle. Considering the harmonic losses variations, the effects of arc voltage on harmonic copper loss and harmonic core loss are analyzed, respectively. The average loss at different disconnection ratios is also calculated. This method could be used to estimate the increment of transformer harmonic losses with poor current conditions at high speed.
Highlights
Compared with other vehicles, high speed trains have the advantages of high efficiency, energy savings and low emissions
This paper is proposed based on a harmonic T-equivalent circuit model, considering the pantograph arcs in a poor current collection situation and disconnection events of the pantograph-Overhead Contact System (OCS), and analyzes the effects on the traction transformer harmonic losses
We can draw the following conclusions: (1) The increasing pantograph arc voltage leads to decreasing primary voltage and increasing primary current; this will lead to both increasing harmonic copper losses and harmonic core losses
Summary
High speed trains have the advantages of high efficiency, energy savings and low emissions. Harmonic losses could be calculated by the product of harmonic current and resistance, but variations of resistance values with harmonic frequency are not considered, so an advanced T-equivalent model [18], considering change of winding resistance and excitation resistance with harmonic frequency, has been set up in this paper. This method is simple and effective and could be programmed. Considering resistance variations with the change of harmonic frequency and using the advanced T-equivalent circuit and superposition principle, we have analyzed the effects of arc voltage and disconnection events on harmonic copper and core losses, respectively
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