Abstract
Model predictive control based wave power extraction algorithms have been developed and found promising for wave energy converters. Although mostly proven by simulation studies, model predictive control based algorithms have shown to outperform classical wave power extraction algorithms such as linear damping and reactive control. Prediction models and objective functions have, however, often been simplified a lot by for example, excluding power take-off system losses. Furthermore, discrete fluid power forces systems has never been validated experimentally in published research. In this paper a model predictive control based wave power extraction algorithm is designed for a discrete fluid power power take-off system. The loss models included in the objective function are based on physical models of the losses associated with discrete force shifts and throttling. The developed wave power extraction algorithm directly includes the quantized force output and the losses models of the discrete fluid power system. The experimental validation of the wave power extraction algorithm developed in the paper shown an increase of 14.6% in yearly harvested energy when compared to a reactive control algorithm.
Highlights
Energy produced by ocean waves has yet not become a commercial viable technology mainly due to the high cost of energy
The experimental validation of the wave power extraction algorithm developed in the paper shown an increase of 14.6% in yearly harvested energy when compared to a reactive control algorithm
The Model Predictive Control (MPC) based Wave Power Extraction Algorithms (WPEAs) is tested in the seven sea states indicated in Table 2 for all the objective functions described in Equations (9)–(13)
Summary
Energy produced by ocean waves has yet not become a commercial viable technology mainly due to the high cost of energy. In the current work focus is on the heart of the Wave Energy Converter (WEC) namely the Power. Take-Off (PTO) system, which converts the energy of ocean waves into distributable electrical energy. Specificity, the current study focuses on Wave Power Extraction Algorithms (WPEAs) that controls the PTO system. The PTO is controlled by the WPEA to harvest as much energy as possible from the ocean waves and, in connection to energy harvesting, it is relevant to distinguish between absorbed and harvested energy. The absorbed energy is the mechanical energy fed into the WEC from the ocean wave and the harvested energy is the energy output from the WEC to the power grid, that is, the difference between absorbed and harvested energy is the losses in the conversion
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