Abstract
In pulse code modulation (PCM) of speech, transmission errors cause changes in the statistical properties of the received samples. Recently published work describes computer simulations of a difference detection and correction (DDC) system which detect errors on the basis of these changes. The system examines the differences between adjacent received samples. If a particular difference exceeds a threshold, which is dependent on the rms value of a block of 64 differences, the quantized sample responsible for this large difference is deemed to be erroneous. A nonlinear filter of the median type is then introduced as a corrector. We now present a comprehensive description of the hardware realization of this system, and present measured results of signal-to-noise ratio (snr) as a function of bit error rate, input power and the error criterion for narrow-band white noise input signals. An improvement of 6 dB in snr is achieved for error rates between 0.2 and 2.0%. The snr results are consistent with subjective impressions of the quality of speech processed by the DDC system.
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