Abstract
The ability to manufacture coatings is critical to engineering design. Many components require the application of additional layers to enhance mechanical properties and protect against hostile environments. Supersonic laser deposition (SLD) is a novel coating method based on cold spray (CS) principles. In this technique, the deposition velocities can be significantly lower than those required for effective bonding in CS applications. The addition of laser heat energy permits a change in the thermodynamic experience of impacting particles, thereby offering a greater opportunity for efficient bonding at lower velocities as compared with the CS process. The work reported in this paper demonstrates the ability of the SLD process to deliver hardfacing materials to engineering surfaces. Stellite-6 has been deposited on low-carbon steel tubes over a range of process parameters to establish the appropriate target power and traverse speeds for the coating formation. The coating properties and parameters were examined to determine the primary characteristics and grain structure size. Their morphology and performance were studied through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction, hardness measurements and wear testing. The results have shown that SLD is capable of depositing layers of Stellite-6, with properties that are superior to those of their conventionally manufactured counterparts.
Highlights
The current industrial demand for complex, high-quality engineering structures often requires the use of enhanced materials for the manufacturing of each individual component
This paper presents experimental results related to the deposition of a C–Co–Cr hardfacing alloy onto steel substrates using an innovative process under development at the University of Cambridge and known as supersonic laser deposition (SLD)
This coating method is similar in working principle to the cold spray (CS) technique; deposition is possible without accelerating the metal particles to their full critical velocity
Summary
The current industrial demand for complex, high-quality engineering structures often requires the use of enhanced materials for the manufacturing of each individual component. When working temperatures are too high, distortion and cracking of the substrate material can occur Such conditions are unacceptable when associated with the current industrial demand to produce high-quality components in a cost-efficient manner. The SLD process has the potential to overcome the drawbacks of current technologies and has already been effectively applied to the deposition of titanium onto steel substrates.[15] In this technique, the disadvantage of nitrogen as a carrier gas (with a low particle velocity) is compensated by the implementation of a laser source to illuminate the coating location. The optimized process parameters are presented along with a coating analysis and the initial results on the wear performance of the deposits
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