Abstract
We propose a conceptual distinction between hard and soft realizations of deconfinement from nuclear to quark matter. In the high density region of Hard Deconfinement the repulsive hard cores of baryons overlap each other and bulk thermodynamics is dominated by the core properties that can be experimentally accessed in high-energy scattering experiments. We find that the equation of state estimated from a single baryon core is fairly consistent with those empirically known from neutron star phenomenology. We next discuss a novel concept of Soft Deconfinement, characterized by quantum percolation of quark wave-functions, at densities lower than the threshold for Hard Deconfinement. We make a brief review of quantum percolation in the context of nuclear and quark matter and illustrate a possible scenario of quark deconfinement at high baryon densities.
Highlights
Microscopic mechanisms of the deconfinement phenomenon from nuclear to quark matter are still veiled in mystery
In the high density region of hard deconfinement the repulsive hard cores of baryons overlap each other and bulk thermodynamics is dominated by the core properties that can be experimentally accessed in high-energy scattering experiments
In this work we proposed two characterizations of quark deconfinement, namely, hard deconfinement and soft deconfinement
Summary
Microscopic mechanisms of the deconfinement phenomenon from nuclear to quark matter are still veiled in mystery. At a microscopic level baryonic interactions originate from Nc permutations of color-singlet quark exchanges, and so one may well consider that this OðNcÞ pressure of baryonic matter is dominated by quarks even in the confined phase in which excitations on top of the Fermi surface should still be baryons. In this theoretically idealized world with Nc → ∞ the picture of quarkyonic matter is well-defined. If the system is in the confined hadronic phase at low density, the exchange of color-singlet mesons characterizes baryon interactions.
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