Abstract
This article compares the peculiarities of lexical content and the communicative-pragmatic structure of Russian and Chinese congratulations on the New Year given by the Head of the region. Happy New Year messages of politicians are seen as a ritual genre of political discourse. Identifying the national-cultural specificity of the politicians' speech behavior makes it possible to detect the relationship between the government and the people, reveals the socially- and ideologically-oriented values that govern the behavior of politicians. The comparative aspect makes it possible to see the national-specific features in the design of this genre, its cultural and social conditioning in the minds of different peoples, the ideological and ethno-cultural position of politicians, their value orientations, and the features of the corresponding social reality. The study was based on 60 Russian New Year congratulations from governors of various regions and 60 Chinese Happy New Year messages from mayors of cities published on the website of government administrations or the media. The comparative research method including contextual and quantitative analyzes using statistical data was used by the author of the article. The purpose of this study consists in clarification of the genre-expressing markers of the official New Year greetings in Russian and Chinese societies and in description of the semantic-stylistic and social-ideological nature of the political discourse manifested in the texts of the given speech genre. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results can be applied in the comparative study of the problems of political discourse in the Russian and Chinese languages, as well as in the practice of teaching translation. New Year congratulations of regional politicians to the people in Russian and Chinese societies focus on strengthening and maintaining power. The Chinese congratulations of regional politicians are more informative and politicized, and the Russian congratulations of regional politicians are more ritualistic.
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