Abstract
Association analysis was performed for 19 different BRCA mutations (BRCA1: 14; BRCA2: 5), which were detected at least three times in the German population. The aim of this study is the identification of founder mutations and hot-spot mutations that are specific for the German population. Patients were genotyped for three intragenic markers (D17S855, D17S1322 and D17S1323) in the BRCA1 gene and for closely flanking markers (D13S1698, D13S171 and D13S267) in the BRCA2 gene. Statistical analysis was performed with an exact test of goodness-of-fit (Muller et al: 1991). The genotype data for the three markers analyzed each in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are in concordance with the presence of probable common haplotypes. Therefore, most of the frequent mutations detected are likely to be founder mutations. Suprisingly, four C → T transitions in the BRCA1 gene, which had been expected to result from independent mutational events, are probably also founder mutations. In contrast, the 4-bp deletion in the BRCA1 gene (4184del4bp) and the most frequent mutation 3034delA in BRCA2 are recurrent mutations, for which no significant association with specific founder alleles could be shown. Testing further informative family members to define the specific haplotype is the aim of our current investigations.
Highlights
Lymph node biopsy is important as a prognostic factor, and influences therapy
In this study we determined the in vivo cell kinetics along the spectrum of apparently normal epithelium, hyperplasia, preinvasive lesions and invasive carcinoma, in breast tissues affected by fibrocystic changes in which preinvasive and/or invasive lesions developed, as a model of breast carcinogenesis
This study was undertaken to determine the effect of wound healing drainages and postsurgical sera obtained from breast carcinoma (BC) patients on proliferation of dormant BC cells and to assess the role of HER2 oncoprotein in this proliferation
Summary
Lymph node biopsy is important as a prognostic factor, and influences therapy. In the transition from normal epithelium to hyperplasia and from preinvasive lesions to invasive carcinoma, the net growth of epithelial cells results from a growth imbalance in favour of proliferation. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in symptomatic patients after breast cancer treatment. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered as a treatment option for patients with persisting symptomatology following breast-conserving therapy. We hypothesized that COX-2 expression was associated with that of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human breast cancer. Conclusion: COX-2 expression is significantly associated with increased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in invasive breast cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that the sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is a reliable and minimally invasive method for determining the axillary node status in patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Overexpression of episialin strongly inhibits fat secretion, and critically affects timing of involution of the lactating mammary gland
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