Handshaking of VSG with charging station to support the frequency in microgrid

Abstract

In today’s scenario, frequency regulation is the main concern in islanded microgrids (MG). This concern of frequency in MG can be sorted out in various ways. Several authors have used different strategies to support the MG’s frequency. Handshaking of charging stations (CS) among each other through proper control mechanism can be one of the approaches to sort out fluctuation of frequency in MG. In this paper, novel handshaking process among multiple CS has been carried out by using virtual synchronous generator (VSG). These multiple CS coordinate with each other to accomplish the handshaking process by controlling the charging and discharging of electric vehicle (EV) batteries through VSG mechanism. Fleet of EVs placed at these CS act as an energy storage device for MG. Aggregator plays a role to collect the information from multiple CS about the charging requirements of the EVs. To accomplish the process of handshaking, simulations have been carried out in MATLAB simscape by considering the different case studies. In these case studies, diverse fleet of EVs are assumed to be deployed at the CS. From the simulation results, it has been observed that each individual EV deployed at the CS participate in the charging and discharging of their batteries to achieve the process of handshaking and hence to provide the support to MG’s frequency through VSG mechanism. Further, the analysis of the effects of variation of the PV array irradiance on the charging and discharging of EV batteries has also been done during the handshaking process.