Abstract
In the design of 4G cellular mobile networks, also known as, IMT-Advanced systems, new air interface enhancements such as multi-carrier support and interference mitigation further require handover protocol to be scalable and flexible to support various 4G deployments. This paper presents the state-of-the-art handover schemes designed for IEEE 802.16m based 4G mobile networks (next generation WiMAX), approved by ITU as an IMT-Advanced technology and provides discussion on technical challenges of railroad communications for high speed trains. Based on the discussion, handover latency reduction scheme for railroad communications is proposed. Various advanced handover procedures accepted in IEEE 802.16m specification are explained in details in order to derive technical challenges and handover reduction scheme of railroad communications.
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