Hamilton–Crosser model impact for particle shape in a nanofluid flow influenced by variable thermal conductivity

Abstract

Nanofluids with immersed metallic nanoparticles possess a higher thermal conductivity. The extent of this enhancement is largely dependent on the amount of the volume fraction, composition, nanoparticles’ shape, and size. The current study emphasizes nanofluid (gold-ethylene glycol) flow with different shapes past a horizontal infinite permeable conduit. The porous walls exhibit the fluid to move in or out of the channel as the walls expand or contract. The flow problem is modeled in a Cartesian coordinate system by employing the Tiwari-Das nanofluid model. Heat transfer is enhanced with the inclusion of Cattaneo–Christov combined with heat generation/absorption effect and temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. The Hamilton–Crosser model is adopted here for the cylindrical and platelet shapes nanoparticles. By invoking appropriate transformation, the equations are transmuted into ordinary differential equations and are solved numerically by employing the bvp4c approach. The influence of the key parameters is illustrated graphically. A protuberant decline is observed in the cylindrical shape nanoparticles in the thermal field on augmenting the thermal relaxation parameter. The drag force coefficient elevates on incrementing the volume fraction of nanoparticles. A significant correlation is noticed in the findings of the comparison with the existing literature.