Halogenated environmental contaminants in perch ( Perca fluviatilis) from Latvian coastal areas

Abstract

The environmental contamination situation in coastal areas of the former Soviet Union has up to now been more or less unknown. This study on perch ( Perca fluviatilis), collected at three locations along the coast of Latvia during 1994 and 1995, provides concentrations of several ubiquitous environmental contaminants (PCBs, HCB, HCHs, 4,4′-DDT, 4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDD, trans-Nonachlor, 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether). The concentrations of total PCB were similar at all study locations [0.7–1.4 ppm on a lipid weight (l.w.) basis], although a site close to the City of Riga indicated the presence of a local PCB contamination source. The contamination source was identified mainly by a higher relative content of lower chlorinated PCB congeners in the samples. Local pollution sources were also indicated for HCH and DDT. A large variation in the HCH isomer composition between 1994 and 1995 at one location demonstrates short half-lives of HCHs in the environment. The brominated flame retardant compound 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromdiphenyl ether was present in the range of 6.4–10 ng/g l.w. in the perch. The clean-up method applied in this study allowed for quantification of two semi-polar contaminants frequently overlooked in Baltic biota, namely Dieldrin and bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone (BCPS). Concentrations of BCPS were remarkably high, i.e. in the same magnitude as the most abundant PCB congeners. The results presented shows that the contamination of, e.g. PCB in an area of the former Soviet Union, the Gulf of Riga, is similar to that observed in other parts of the Baltic area.