Abstract
Recently BLDC motors have been popular in various industrial applications and electric mobility. Recently BLDC motors have been popular in various industrial applications and electric mobility. In most brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives, there are three hall sensors as a position reference. Low resolution hall effect sensor is popularly used to estimate the rotor position because of its good comprehensive performance such as low cost, high reliability and sufficient precision. Various possible faults may happen in a hall effect sensor. This paper presents a fault-tolerant operation method that allows the control of a BLDC motor with one faulty hall sensor and presents the hall sensor output fault-tolerant control strategy. The situations considered are when the output from a hall sensor stays continuously at low or high levels, or a short-time pulse appears on a hall sensor signal. For fault detection, identification of a faulty signal and generating a substitute signal, this method only needs the information from the hall sensors. There are a few research work on hall effect sensor failure of BLDC motor. The conventional fault diagnosis methods are signal analysis, model based analysis and knowledge based analysis. The proposed method is signal based analysis using a compensation signal for reconfiguration and therefore fault diagnosis can be fast. The proposed method is validated to execute the simulation using PSIM.
Highlights
brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have been popular in various industrial applications and electric mobility
The BLDC motor is a DC motor type that has no brushes; commutation is done electronically according to the permanent magnet rotor position based on the hall sensor signal
Reduction of the BLDC motor manufacturing cost, the motor maintenance and possibility of the motor malfunctions due to failure or unbalanced positioning of sensors are advantages of sensorless control techniques; difficulties of back-EMF sensing at low speeds and transient time, complexity of rotor detection algorithms and discontinuous response due to high commutation rates are the main drawbacks of sensorless techniques
Summary
BLDC motors have been popular in various industrial applications and electric mobility. Correct commutation and control of BLDC motors depend on the exact position detection of rotor. Sensors such as optical encoders, for high resolution applications, and hall effect sensors, for low resolution applications, are normally used to detect position of the permanent magnet rotor. Various possible faults may happen in a hall effect sensor such as flaws in the core (corrosion, cracks, residual magnetic fields and core breakage), changes in the bias current, change in the magnetic properties of the ferrite core due to temperature variations, changes in the orientation of the induced magnetic field in the sensor (due to mechanical shocks or other reasons). The hall sensor output fault-tolerant control strategy based on signal analysis and the proposed compensation logic is suggested
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