Half-QWERTY

Abstract

Half-QWERTY is a new one-handed typing technique, designed to facilitate the transfer of two-handed typing skill to the one-handed condition, It is performed on a standard keyboard (with modified software), or a special half keyboard (with full-sized keys). Experiments have shown [2] that it is possible for QWERTY touch-typists to achieve high one-handed typing rates (40+ wpm) in a relatively short period of time (<10 hr) using the HalfQWERTY technique. These speeds are 2-3 times the rates achievable using compact keyboards, and exceed handwriting speeds. Half-QWERTY is important in providing access to disabled users, and for the design of compact computers. KEY WO R D S: Input devices, input tasks, human performance, one-handed keyboard, QWERTY, portable computers, disabled users, skill transfer. WHAT IS IT? This Interactive Experience display demonstrates a new approach to one-handed text entry which exploits the skills already developed in two-handed typing. It is called, “HalfQWERTY,” because it uses only half of the QWERTY keyboard. The technique can be used on a standard QWERTY keyboard (using only half of the available keys, Figure 1), or with a special half keyboard (Figure 2), The former provides wide access to the technique. The latter provides a compact keyboard with full-sized keys supporting touch typing on portable computers, for example. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this materml is granted pmwded that the cop!es are not made or distributed for d!rect GwnrnerGI@ advantage, the ACM cvpyr, ght notice and the tttle of the publication and its date appear, and ncmce IS given that copy!ng is by perm{sston of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee andlor specific permission. CH194 Companion-4/94 Boston, Massachusetts USA e 1994 ACM 0-89791-651-4/94/0051 . ..$3.50 William Buxton University of Toronto& Xerox PARC c/o Computer SystemLsResearch Institute University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A4 (416) 978-1961 buxton@dgp.toronto.edu HOW DOES IT WORK?* A Half-QWERTY keyboard is comprised of all the keys used by one hand to type on a standard QWERTY keyboardl, with the keys of the other hand unused or absent. Keys of the typing hand are typed as before. To type characters of the missing hand, the user simply holds down the space bar and performs the finger movement previously done by the missing hand (Figure 1). Thus, using the space bar as a modifier, a typist can generate the characters of either side of a fill-sized keyboard, using only one hand. HOW WILL IT BE USED? Half-QWERTY is especially useful when performing tasks which require frequent switching between keyboard and mouse—text editing, for example. Text can be entered with one hand, and items selected and manipulated with the other. Since both hands are in “home position” for their respective task, no time is lost in moving between devices [1]. Furthermore, by implementing Half-QWERTY on a standard keyboard, one can ea~sily switch between this type of input and two-handed typing. Finally, since each side clf the keyboard is mapped onto the other side when the space bar is depressed, the user can choose which hand to use fcr one-handed typing. In effect, the user has a choice of three keyboards in one: a two-handed QWERTY keyboard, and two Half-QWERTY keyboards, one for each hand. A computer that is worn, rather than carried, has significant advantages for data collection “in the field.” By eliminating infrequently used keys (e.g., the number keys) and reducing the size of the space bar, a Ha’lf-QWERTY keyboard can be made small enough to wear on the wrist of the dominant hand (Figure 2). With an LCD screen worn on the other wrist, the resulting typing posture allows the user to type and view the display, simultaneously. lPatents pending. International Application # PCTICA90100274 published March 21, 1991, under International Publication # W091/03782.