Abstract
Over-application of fertilizer to cropland adversely affects both environmental and agricultural ecosystems. This study examined whether planting a legume-based winter cover crop mix offsets fertilizer application via natural nitrogen inputs. The influence of the cover crop mixture on available nutrients was also assessed. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and winter triticale (×triticosecale) cover crops were planted in fall and terminated in May. Soil fertility data was collected before and after planting the winter cover crop to determine the effect on fixing nitrogen and soil phosphorus, potassium and organic matter levels. Increases of soil ammonium were observed in plots with cover crop treatments. A triticale-hairy vetch cover crop mix was successful at scavenging P for future crops and appears to hold promise for long-term soil fertility benefits.
Highlights
Herbicide and fertilizer use have progressively risen in recent decades, increasing the concern for potential leaching to groundwater and the surrounding environment
This study examined whether planting a legume-based winter cover crop mix offsets fertilizer application via natural nitrogen inputs
In order to address this issue in a sustainable manner, conservation practices which reduce the use of herbicides and fertilizers are encouraged, for example the use of beneficial cover crops
Summary
Herbicide and fertilizer use have progressively risen in recent decades, increasing the concern for potential leaching to groundwater and the surrounding environment. In order to address this issue in a sustainable manner, conservation practices which reduce the use of herbicides and fertilizers are encouraged, for example the use of beneficial cover crops. Legume cover crops such as hairy vetch can serve as an effective alternative to application of synthetic herbicides and fertilizers by virtue of nitrogen fixation [1]. Species selection and residue management play significant roles in attaining maximum benefits from cover crops. A clear benefit of a legume cover crop is its ability to convert atmospheric ni-.
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