Abstract
Haemorrhoids or “piles” are common and form a major part of a colorectal surgeon's workload in the UK. Thomson first introduced the term “vascular cushions” which described three main areas of thickened tissue in the normal anal canal, most commonly at the 3, 7 and 11 o' clock position. These spongy cushions help to provide a gas seal to the anus. Haemorrhoids are often defined by symptoms originating from enlarged anal cushions and, although described and managed since ancient times, their treatment is still evolving. This article should be read in conjunction with Jonas-Obichere/Scholefield, page 168.
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