Abstract
Introduction: Anaemia in pregnancy is still a major concern in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in India particularly in rural population. Haemoglobinopathies are important contributors to anaemia in pregnancy in rural India particularly in tribal population. Beta thalassemia is the commonest type of haemoglobinopathy all over the world. Thalassemia and other haemoglobinopathies are highly prevalent among the tribal communities in West Bengal. Bankura is one of the districts of West Bengal where more tribal population are present. So detection and prevention of thalassemias is one of the major public health problems in this part of the state of West Bengal. Study done by Manna et al4 showed that about 10% of the population is carrier of haemoglobin disorder. This study was taken up to document the recent prevalence status of hemoglobinopathies particularly Thalassemias and coexistence of iron deficiency anaemiasObjective: To find out prevalence of haemoglobinopathies and to compare the prevalence of different types of Thalassemias among the antenatal mothers.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in Bankura Sammilani Medical College (BSMC), Bankura West Bengal among 3500 tribal and non-tribal antenatal mothers. Cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is being used for investigation for hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias. Together with a complete blood count, the CE-HPLC is effective in categorizing hemoglobinopathies as traits, homozygous disorders and compound heterozygous disorders.Results: In our study 275 mothers had haemoglobinopathy. The commonest disorder we encountered was Beta Thalassemia trait (57.5%), followed by HbE carrier (36%), homozygous HbE disease (1%), HbS carrier (4%), HbE Beta Thalassemia (1.5%).Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.90-94
Highlights
Anaemia in pregnancy is still a major concern in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in India in rural population
In contrast to urban areas hemoglobinopathies of different types contributes significantly to anaemia in addition to iron deficiency disorder
There is no study in this rural part of West Bengal State of India documenting the prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies and pattern of different types of Thalassemias
Summary
Anaemia is still a common disorder among pregnant mothers in our country in rural setting and is a common cause of significant morbidity and mortality during ante-partum and post-partum period. In our country it is well known that Haemoglobinopathies Thalassemias are more prevalent amongst tribal populations in different parts of the country. There is no study in this rural part of West Bengal State of India documenting the prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies and pattern of different types of Thalassemias. Iron deficiency anaemia frequently coexists with Beta Thalassemia trait. The present study was taken up to bringforth the prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies and co-existance of Iron deficiency anaemia with these disorders. Objectives of this study: i) To find out the prevalence of haemoglobinopathies among the tribal and non-tribal antenatal mothers attending Bankura Sammilani Medical. College Hospital ii) To compare the prevalence of Beta Thalassemia trait and other types of haemoglobinopathies among the tribal and non-tribal antenatal mothers attending.
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