Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) celebensis Hoogstraal, Trapido, and Kohls (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae), a Wallacean Member of the Hystricis Group: Identity, Distribution, Hosts, and Ecology

Abstract

Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) celebensis was previously known by only a single old greatly engorged female specimen, lacking locality data, from Celebes (now Sulawesi) Island, Indonesia. Recent collecting efforts have produced more material from the Central and Southern Provinces of Celebes, mostly between 1,300 and 3,100 ft elevation. We describe the male and redescribe the female. Hosts are forest-inhabiting large mammals, the wild pig, anoa (or dwarf water buffalo), and Timor deer, and domestic horses, cattle, and Asian buffalo passing through infested forests. H. (K.) celebensis is related to H. (K.) hystricis, which occurs in northeastern India, eastward to Taiwan and southern Japan, and southward to Malaya and Sumatra. The geographical range of the H. (K.) hystricis group, with 1 species widely distributed in continental Asia and nearby islands, and 1 species localized across Wallace's line in Celebes, the of zoogeographers, is notable. Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) celebensis Hoogstraal, Trapido, and Kohls (1965b) was previously represented only by a single greatly engorged female specimen, lacking locality data, from Celebes (now Sulawesi) Island, Indonesia. We describe the male and redescribe the female (Figs. 1-20) from more recently collected samples, all taken on the same island, from forest-dwelling wild pigs, anoa (or dwarf water buffalo), and Timor deer, and from domestic horses, cattle, and Asian buffalo passing through infested forests, mostly between 1,300 and 3,100 ft altitude. H. (K.) celebensis is closely related to H. (K.) hystricis Supino, which is distributed (Fig. 21) from northeastern India eastward to Received for publication 29 November 1972. * From Research Projects MF12.524.009-3010B and -0015B, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Navy or of the naval service at large. The illustrations in this report were prepared under the auspices of Agreement 03-005-01 between the NIAID (NIH) and NAMRU-3. t Medical Zoology Department, United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three (NAMRU-3), U. S. Interests Section, c/o Spanish Embassy, Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt. Consultant NAMRU-2. t Jakarta Detachment, NAMRU-2, c/o American Embassy, Jakarta, Indonesia. ? Director, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia. Taiwan and southern Japan and southward to Malaya and Sumatra (Hoogstraal, Trapido, and Kohls, 1965a). These two species comprise the H. (K.) hystricis group. Zoogeographically it is notable that one member (celebensis) is confined to Wallacea (Darlington, 1957; Carlquist, 1965) and the other (hystricis) inhabits tropical and subtropical forests in much of the Oriental Faunal Region west of Wallace's line. Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) celebensis Hoogstraal, Trapido, and Kohls, 1965 Celebes haemaphysalid