Abstract
The weak interaction between quarks induces a parity-violating component in the interactions between nucleons, which is typically suppressed by a factor of $${\approx 10^{-7}}$$ compared to the dominant parity-conserving part. Because of the short range of the weak interactions, it provides a unique probe of the strong dynamics that confine quarks into nucleons. An experimental program to map out this weak component of the nuclear force is underway at a number of facilities, including the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The corresponding observables are related to few-nucleon processes at very low energies, at which pionless effective field theory provides a reliable and model-independent theoretical approach to hadronic parity violation. Results in two- and three-nucleon systems, the role of parity-violating three-nucleon forces, and possible extensions to other few-nucleon systems are discussed.
Highlights
Interactions between nucleons are dominated by strong and electromagnetic effects, which conserve parity
There is a parity-violating (PV) component to nucleon-nucleon interactions, which is expected to be suppressed by a factor of roughly 10−7 to 10−6 compared to the parity-conserving (PC) component
The PV part of the nucleon interactions stems from an interplay of weak interactions between quarks and the strong interactions that confine the quarks into nucleons
Summary
Interactions between nucleons are dominated by strong and electromagnetic effects, which conserve parity. There is a parity-violating (PV) component to nucleon-nucleon interactions, which is expected to be suppressed by a factor of roughly 10−7 to 10−6 compared to the parity-conserving (PC) component. Parity-violating effects can be isolated in pseudoscalar observables, which would vanish if parity was conserved. Such observables include longitudinal and angular asymmetries, as well as induced polarizations in capture, break-up, and transmission experiments. While PV effects can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude in heavier systems I describe an approach to hadronic parity violation based on effective field theory (EFT) and present selected results from two- and three-nucleon systems
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