Abstract
The spatial development of showers induced by positive hadrons with momenta 10-80 GeV in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadronic calorimeter is analysed. The parametrisation of both longitudinal and radial shower profiles with the two- component functions are fit to the test beam data and simulations using the physics lists QGSP_BERT and FTFP_BERT from GEANT4 version 9.6 patch 01. The shower parameters, describing the longitudinal tail and radial halo, are in good agreement between data and simulations and are similar for pions and protons. For the longitudinal development, the most significant difference between data and simulations is in the relative containment of the separated components. For the radial development, the core slope parameter is underestimated by simulations. The physics list FTFP_BERT gives a very good description of proton showers in the studied energy range and gives better predictions of the pion shower development than QGSP_BERT.
Highlights
The CALICE collaboration has developed and constructed highly granular electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate detector technologies for future linear collider experiments
The additional selection of events was applied to minimise the leakage into the tail catcher and muon tracker (TCMT) and to reduce the fraction of remaining positrons in the sample: the events with an identified shower start in the physical layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (3, 4, 5, 6) of the Fe-analogue hadronic calorimeter prototype (AHCAL) were selected for run taken with electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL)
The positive hadron test beam data collected at beam energies from 10 to 80 GeV were analysed and compared with simulations performed using FTFP BERT and QGSP BERT physics lists from Geant4 version 9.6
Summary
The CALICE collaboration has developed and constructed highly granular electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate detector technologies for future linear collider experiments. The additional selection of events was applied to minimise the leakage into the TCMT and to reduce the fraction of remaining positrons in the sample: the events with an identified shower start in the physical layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (3, 4, 5, 6) of the Fe-AHCAL were selected for run taken with (without) ECAL. The following sources of systematic uncertainties were found to affect the comparison of shower profiles: (a) layer-to-layer variations of the response in test beam data due to saturation correction issues (up to ∼10% at 80 GeV); (b) accuracy of the identification of a shower axis for the data samples collected without ECAL (up to 10%); (c) pion contamination of the proton samples (estimated purity of the proton samples is from 74% to 95%). Αshort: 4.45 +- 0.29 β : ( 1.63 +- 0.12)Xeff short αlong: 1.35 +- 0.02 β: long (
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