Hadron-hadron interaction from SU(2) lattice QCD

Abstract

We evaluate interhadron interactions in two-color lattice QCD from Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes on the Euclidean lattice. The simulations are performed in quenched SU(2) QCD with the plaquette gauge action at $\ensuremath{\beta}=2.45$ and the Wilson quark action. We concentrate on $S$-wave scattering states of two scalar diquarks. Evaluating different flavor combinations with various quark masses, we try to find out the ingredients in hadronic interactions. Between two scalar diquarks ($uC{\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{5}d$, the lightest baryon in SU(2) system), we observe repulsion in short-range region, even though present quark masses are not very light. We define and evaluate the quark-exchange part in the interaction, which is induced by adding quark-exchange diagrams, or equivalently, by introducing Pauli-blocking among some of quarks. The repulsive force in short-distance region arises only from the quark-exchange part and disappears when quark-exchange diagrams are omitted. We find that the strength of repulsion grows in light quark-mass regime, and its quark-mass dependence is similar to or slightly stronger than that of the color-magnetic interaction by one-gluon-exchange (OGE) processes. It is qualitatively consistent with the constituent-quark-model picture that a color-magnetic interaction among quarks is the origin of repulsion. We also find a universal long-range attractive force, which enters in any flavor channels of two scalar diquarks and whose interaction range and strength are quark-mass independent. The weak quark-mass dependence of interaction ranges in each component implies that meson-exchange contributions are small and subdominant, and the other contributions, e.g., flavor-exchange processes, color-Coulomb, or color-magnetic interactions, are considered to be predominant, in the quark-mass range we evaluated.