HACI BEKTAŞ DERGÂHINDAN HİMMET UMAN VE MAHLAS ALAN ÂŞIKLARDA HACI BEKTAŞ SEVGİSİ

Abstract

This article focuses on the narration of Haci Bektas in the language of Âşık (folk poet) and Zakirs (who commits the memory) who are connected to Haci Bektas dergâh (dervish lodge) with both sect and skill. Haci Bektas Veli was born and raised in Khorasan, received Khorasan skill and Turkistan skill from Hodja Ahmet Yesevi. Hodja Ahmet Yesevi reached Anatolia (it was called the Greek land at that time) via Khorasan, Azerbaijan, Iraq and Syria with his sign and motto. He met the saints (in Turkish they called “Eren”) who were active in Anatolia, explained the skills of Turkistan, Khorasan and Azerbaijan to them and updated his manners. When Hacı Bektaş Veli arrived Anatolia, there was a great destruction and depression in Anatolia, first due to the Crusades and then the Mongol attacks. There were communities that broke up with the Babai rebellion that followed these wars. Hacı Bektaş Veli helped almost all of the “Marifet” (dexterous) communities to rebuild themselves by removing this mess, depression and uncertainty. Despite the large area of activity and the size of the communities, he had arranged the “tekke”, “zaviye” and “dergahs” (three of them are a kind of dervish lodge) together with the sheikhs and “talip” (aspirant) communities who were tied to the order until the end of his life. Starting from the Anatolia, he sent caliphs to Azerbaijan, Iraq, Syria, the Mediterranean, the Balkans, the Caucasus and Eastern Europe. With the caliphs he sent, he either established new dergahs or revived existing tekkes, zaviyes(kind of dervish lodges) and dergahs. As the caliphs went with their families and their affiliated aspirants; agriculture, animal husbandry, trade and production began to flourish where they went. Thus, Hacı Bektaş Veli contributed to social, cultural, economic and religious entertainment and mobility. As a result, Hacı Bektaş Veli, considering the geography and personality he influenced, was expressed by the circles he came into contact with and many poets wrote “deyiş” (kind of folk poem), “nefes” (kind of folk poem) and “kelam” (euphemism) about him. People who hoped for “Himmet” (favour) from Hacı Bektaş Veli and his dergâh (dervish lodge), whether they are the “yol oğul” (dedicated person) or “bel oğul” (ordinary person, not dedicated), remembered his name in many  “deyiş”  and “nefes” about Hacı Bektas Veli. Keywords: Hacı Bektas Veli, Pseudonym, Deyiş (Folk Poem), Nefes (Alevi-Bektashi poem)