Abstract
We examined the association between the colonic adherent microbiota and nocturnal sleep duration in humans. In a cross-sectional study, 63 polyp-free adults underwent a colonoscopy and donated 206 mucosal biopsies. The gut microbiota was profiled using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V4 region. The sequence reads were processed using UPARSE and DADA2, respectively. Lifestyle factors, including sleep habits, were obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. We categorized the participants into short sleepers (<6 h per night; n = 16) and normal sleepers (6–8 h per night; n = 47) based on self-reported data. Differences in bacterial biodiversity and the taxonomic relative abundance were compared between short vs. normal sleepers, followed by multivariable analysis. A false discovery rate-adjusted p value (q value) < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. The bacterial community composition differed in short and normal sleepers. The relative abundance of Sutterella was significantly lower (0.38% vs. 1.25%) and that of Pseudomonas was significantly higher (0.14% vs. 0.08%) in short sleepers than in normal sleepers (q values < 0.01). The difference was confirmed in the multivariable analysis. Nocturnal sleep duration was associated with the bacterial community composition and structure in the colonic gut microbiota in adults.
Highlights
Normal sleepers had a higher proportion of diabetes than short sleepers
There was no significant difference in the composition of gut microbiota by colon segment (Supplementary Figure S1)
The functions of gut bacteria and their associated substrates and metabolites in the colon remained to be fully investigated. In both ASV- and operational taxonomic unit (OTU)-based analysis, we found that many bacteria in the Lachnospiraceae family differed in short vs. normal sleepers
Summary
Nearly one-third of adults sleep for less than six hours daily [1]. Chronic sleep deprivation has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular morbidity, immunosuppression, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and increased all-cause mortality [2]. Alteration in fecal gut microbiota, i.e., dysbiosis, has been associated with these diseases [3]. Our previous study showed that short or long sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer [4]. Diet and dysbiosis are consistently shown to be associated with the risk of colorectal cancer [5]
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