H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines

Sook-San Wong,Yilun Sun,Richard Webby,Mark Zanin,Li Tang,Jennifer Debeauchamp

doi:10.1038/s41541-017-0017-5

Sook-San Wong, Yilun Sun + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-017-0017-5

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Journal: npj Vaccines	Publication Date: Jun 8, 2017
Citations: 13	License type: open-access

Affiliation: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Abstract

Conventional inactivated avian influenza vaccines have performed poorly in past vaccine trials, leading to the hypothesis that they are less immunogenic than seasonal influenza vaccines. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the immunogenicity of the H5N1 and H7N9 vaccines (avian influenza vaccines) to a seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in naïve ferrets, administered with or without the adjuvants MF59 or AS03. Vaccine immunogenicity was assessed by measuring neutralizing antibody titers against hemagglutinin and neuraminidase and by hemagglutinin -specific IgG levels. Two doses of unadjuvanted vaccines induced low or no HA-specific IgG responses and hemagglutination-inhibiting titers. Adjuvanted vaccines induced comparable IgG-titers, but poorer neutralizing antibody titers for the H5 vaccine. All adjuvanted vaccines elicited detectable anti- neuraminidase -antibodies with the exception of the H5N1 vaccine, likely due to the low amounts of neuraminidase in the vaccine. Overall, the H5N1 vaccine had poorer capacity to induce neutralizing antibodies, but not HA-specific IgG, compared to H7N9 or trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine.

Highlights

Emerging avian influenza viruses, those of the H5 and H7 subtypes, pose a constant pandemic threat
Summary statistics of the antibody responses measured after the first and second doses are shown in Fig. 2
Our findings suggest that AIVxs were not broadly poorly immunogenic, since the H7N9 vaccine performed as well as trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) and with AS03, the H5N1 vaccine did induce comparable titers impacts the subsequent adaptive immune response after vaccination is presently unknown

Summary

Introduction

Those of the H5 and H7 subtypes, pose a constant pandemic threat. In the unadjuvanted vaccine group, MN titers were detected after the first and second doses, for H3_Perth, H7, and B/BN, but remained low or undetectable for H5 and H1_TN (Fig. 2c).

Results

Conclusion