Abstract
Utilizing biological resources facilitates alleviating energy shortage and environmental pollution problems, but high-value utilization of these resources requires breaking the biomass structure. This study realized the clean and efficient separation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin from tobacco stems using a sustainable H2O2-enhanced alkaline pretreatment combined with acid and ethanol precipitation. The purity and thermal stability of the separated cellulose increased from 32.49% to 92.41% and 261 °C to 369 °C, respectively. Changes in the cellulose crystal form and the solubilization mechanisms of hemicellulose and lignin were elucidated. In addition, a food-preservation film was prepared from the obtained biocellulose using the solution-casting method. After adding glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizers, the tensile strength and water-contact angle (a hydrophobicity indicator) of the biocellulose composite film increased from 125 MPa to 154 MPa and from 50.48° to 73.16°, respectively. This study provides a platform for lignocellulosic biomass separation, renewable utilization, and a practical route toward functional biomaterial production.
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