Abstract
The cross-sectional study aimed to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults in Yao Noi Island, Phangnga Province, Thailand. The survey was conducted with randomly selected areas including 7 villages from Yao Noi Island, Phangnga province, Thailand. Two hundred and twenty-seven adults with aged more than 20 years old and concluded the study between October and December, 2010. The definition of Metabolic syndrome is defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III report. The questionnaire, physical and clinical examination were collected. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 12.8% in average, with women (13.9%) more than men (9.1%) respectively. The most common risk factors of metabolic syndrome in women were the abdominal obesity of more than 80 cm (61.6%), a high FPG (30.3%) and elevated TG (20.9%). Among men, the risk factors were the abdominal obesity of more than 90 cm (16.4%), a high FPG (47.3%) and high elevated TG (32.7%). The prevalence increased from 8.7% among subjects aged between 20 and 29 years to 21.2% with the subjects aged 50 years or older. These findings suggest that MS is becoming a remarkable health problem in Thailand. The preventive measurement can reduce mortality especially healthy life style education programs such as weight reduction activity, physical activity and healthy diets.
Highlights
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing worldwide, which is one of the major public health problem, both in developing and developed countries (Hildrum et al, 2007)
While diagnosis using ATP III criteria was based on the presence of any 3 out of 5 risk factors, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) considers abdominal obesity as a mandatory component of MS, where different cut-off points for waist circumference are used for different populations
Men had a higher prevalence of elevated TG (32.7% and 20.9%), high FPG (47.3% and 30.3%) and high BP (14.5% and 5.8%) than women
Summary
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing worldwide, which is one of the major public health problem, both in developing and developed countries (Hildrum et al, 2007). MS is a characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors and is associated with subsequent progress of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes (Hwang et al, 2009; Resnick et al, 2003). The World Health Organization (WHO) proposal was designed as a first attempt to define the syndrome as insulin resistance, in addition to 2 others risk factors, being requisites for diagnosis. Other criteria were used; the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel III (ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (Alberti et al, 2005). While diagnosis using ATP III criteria was based on the presence of any 3 out of 5 risk factors, IDF considers abdominal obesity as a mandatory component of MS, where different cut-off points for waist circumference are used for different populations. The goal of treatment is to control these risk factors in order to prevent deleterious CHD
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