Abstract
Mitochondria pump protons resulting in an alkaline matrix (ΔpHm) important for maintaining ΔΨm. Electrophoretic influx of other cations, Na+, K+, and Ca2+, can depolarize ΔΨm and must be removed by exchanging one ion for another (chemiosmosis). The importance of regulated Km+ influx in bioenergetics is unclear but Km+ influx leads to swelling and efflux of excess Km+, primarily in exchange for Hm+ entry (KHEm). Knowledge of the kinetics of K+ uptake by Km+ channels and its efflux by KHEm exchange is important in understanding how K+ modulates mitochondrial volume and function.
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