Gyrotropic, shielding and sensing low-gigahertz properties of graphene sheet biased with magnetic and electric static fields

Abstract

Closed-form expressions describing the tensorial conductivity of an electrically or magnetically biased monolayer graphene are provided in order to highlight the low-gigahertz gyrotropic, shielding and sensing properties. The longitudinal and transverse (Hall) conductivities are given as explicit functions of the fundamental electromagnetic quantities, i.e. the magnetic and electric field bias, B 0 and E 0 , and the carrier charge mobility μ The developed simple expressions of the components of the electric field transmission coefficient are utilized to compute the polarization rotation angle θ and the shielding effectiveness (SE), in case of normally incident plane wave. The dependence of θ on B 0 is investigated, and the magnetic field value providing the maximum θ is found. The simulation model is applied to compute gyrotropic, SE and sensing performances of the biased graphene sheet at low-gigahertz regime. Moreover, exploiting the sensing properties of the biased graphene sheet, the measured value of θ is used to evaluate B 0 , E 0 and μ.