Abstract
Quasiequilibrium radial “profile corrugations” in the electron temperature gradient are found at lowest-order singular surfaces in global gyrokinetic code simulations of both monotonic-q and off-axis minimum-q discharges. The profile corrugations in the temperature and density gradients are time-averaged components of zonal flows. The m∕n=2∕1 electron temperature gradient corrugation is measurably large and appears to trigger an internal transport barrier as the off-axis minimum-q=2 surfaces enter the plasma.
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