Abstract

Gyroinvariant drift velocities and first adiabatic invariants have been determined in a unidirectional magnetic field B=B(x,y)b̂, to fourth and third order of accuracy, respectively. The new method described here uses nonanalytical complex functions and successive integration by parts, combined with a suitable average over a quasiperiodic function. A suitable definition of the guiding center to any order is discussed and its position determined to fourth order of accuracy. A non-Hamiltonian method is described to find the first adiabatic invariant.

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