Abstract
This article presents the history of the CSO in the interwar period – discusses the genesis of the Office as of rescript of the Regency Council, and then the first structure and tasks of the Central Statistical Office of the regulatory framework of the Second Republic. It describes the difficult circumstances of the emerging territory after the First World War, personnel, office and others, in the formation of the CSO and conducting surveys during the merging areas occupying in the reborn Poland after 123 years. The article discusses the major accomplishments of the Office during the period between the first and second world war, particularly the census of the population in the years 1921 and 1931, economic and social research, conduct of publishing and information services. At the end are presented the most distinguished statisticians in the early years of the CSO, derived mainly from Galicia.
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