Abstract
This study aimed to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of Barbonymus gonionotus and evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of the host. Five probiotic bacteria viz. Enterococcus xiangfangensis (GFB-1), Pseudomonas stutzeri (GFB-2), Bacillus subtilis (GFB-3), Citrobacter freundii (GFB-4), and P. aeruginosa (GFB-5) were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Application of a consortium of probiotic strains (1–3 × 1.35 × 109 CFU kg−1) or individual strain such as GFB-1 (1.62 × 109 CFU kg−1), GFB-2 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg−1), GFB-3 (1.06 × 109 CFU kg−1), GFB-4 (1.5 × 109 CFU kg−1) or GFB-5 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg−1feed) through feed significantly improved growth, histological and hematological parameters and reproductive performances of B. gonionotus compared to untreated control. Moreover, the application of these probiotics significantly increased gut lactic acid bacteria and activities of digestive enzymes but did not show any antibiotic resistance nor any cytotoxicity in vitro. The highest beneficial effects on treated fishes were recorded by the application of GFB-1, GFB-2, GFB-3, and a consortium of these bacteria (T2). This is the first report of the improvement of growth and health of B. gonionotus fishes by its gut bacteria.
Highlights
This study aimed to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of Barbonymus gonionotus and evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of the host
Several lines of evidence suggest that application of the native host developed probiotic strains of probiotic bacteria improve the health of host fishes by decreasing the mortality r ate[16]
A total of twelve probiotic bacterial isolates collected from the digestive systems of three temperate fish species such as Scophthalmus maximus, Platichthys flesus and Limanda limanda[19] and Oreochromis niloticus associated two probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus plantarum N11 and Bacillus velezensis H3.117, found to adapt better than those derived from the terrestrial hosts
Summary
This study aimed to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of Barbonymus gonionotus and evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of the host. The commercial probiotics used in aquaculture feed formulation are expensive and inconsistent in their e fficacy[18] In this aspect, genetically characterized probiotic bacteria isolated from the gut of native fishes could be used as cheap and eco-friendly agents in enhancing growth performance, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of fishes for promoting sustainable aquaculture. The objectives of the present study were to (a) isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of B. gonionotus using 16S rRNA gene sequencing; (b) investigate the effects of individual and consortium application of the identified probiotic bacteria on growth and hematological parameters; and (c) evaluate their influence on reproductive performances of the host fishes
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