Abstract
Increasing evidences suggest that intestinal microbiota balance closely correlated with host’s health status could affected by external environment. Integrated crayfish-rice cultivation model is a highly efficient artificial ecosystem widely practiced in subtropical China. Less information is available to estimate the influence response to the micro-ecology of crayfish intestine and so as to influence the biological processes. Thus, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing approach was employed to investigate the composition diversity and functions of bacterial community in the intestines of Procambarus clarkii farmed within this model. Results exhibited the highly diversity of microflora with dominant phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The genera of Candidatus Bacilloplasma and Ornithinibacter were presented as predominant population much exceeds in richness comparing to that of other genus. Despite the highly diversity in the bacterial community, the predicted functions indicated relative consistent in biological processing pathway. Collectively, significant richness of genes was observed involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport processing. This study would contribute to the understanding of the impact of growth conditions on host–microbiota relation especially in aquatic animals.
Highlights
The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii is a highly adaptable and fecund freshwater crayfish species becoming an important aquatic food sector among fishery trading commodities in China (Du et al 2017; Shen et al 2014)
Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) tree was contrasted via QIIME
For the further downstream analyses, sequencing reads was normalized to minimum (43,880 reads) by randomly subsampling to standardize sampling effort. These normalized sequences with average length of 418 bp were assigned to 646 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) (163–470) with 97% sequence similarity (Table 1 and Additional file 1: File S1)
Summary
The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii is a highly adaptable and fecund freshwater crayfish species becoming an important aquatic food sector among fishery trading commodities in China (Du et al 2017; Shen et al 2014). The production exceeded 1 million tons with 37 billion USD output in 2017, accounting for 80% of global production according to FAO statistics (FAOSTAT, http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/) and Crayfish Industry Report 2018 (http://www.moa.gov.cn/). This is in contrast to the reality that it considered as an invasive species in Europe and Asia (Carreira et al 2017). In this integrated crayfish-rice cultivation (CR) model, wastes (e.g. weeds, insects, leafs, and plankton) utilized as food sources be eaten by crayfish. While crayfish dig burrows increasing soil permeability and material/energy circulation and its feces used as high-quality fertilizer and thereby, advance the rice growth. Modeling of CR ecosystem has been a widely explored topic, and
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