Gut microbiota characteristics in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Haoqing Shao,Chenyang Zhang,Zhoujin Tan,Nenqun Xiao

doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01999-x

Haoqing Shao, Chenyang Zhang + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-020-01999-x

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Abstract

BackgroundAntibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), defined as diarrhea that occurs in association with the administration of antibiotics and without another clear etiology, is one of the most common adverse drug events of antibiotics therapy. We established a diarrhea model induced by gentamycin and cefradine to investigate the microbiota characteristics in the intestinal lumen of mice with AAD and provide insights into noteworthy bacteria related to gentamicin and cefradine-associated diarrhea.ResultsThe number of OTUs in the model group and the normal group was 983 and 2107, respectively, and 872 identical OTUs were shared between two groups. Species richness and species diversity of intestinal microbe were altered by antibiotics administration. PCoA showed a clear separation between AAD and health control. The dominant phyla of AAD mice were Firmicutes (52.63%) and Proteobacteria (46.37%). Among the genus with top 20 abundance, the relative abundance of 7 genera, Ruminococcus, Blautia, Enterococcus, Eubacterium, Clostridium, Coprococcus, and Aerococcus, were enriched in the model group. Based upon the LEfSe analysis, Enterococcus, Eubacterium, Ruminococcus, and Blautia were identified as potential biomarkers for AAD.ConclusionsThe bacterial diversity of the intestinal lumen was diminished after gentamicin and cefradine administration. The alterations in the abundance and composition of gut microbiota further led to the dysfunction of gut microbiota. More specifically, gentamicin and cefradine significantly increased the abundance of the opportunistic pathogens, of which Enterococcus and Clostridium were the most prominent and most worthy of attention.

Highlights

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), defined as diarrhea that occurs in association with the administration of antibiotics and without another clear etiology, is one of the most common adverse drug events of antibiotics therapy
Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and operational taxonomic unit A total of 766,407 high-quality sequences were detected from 6 samples belonging to two groups, with a length distribution concentrated at 225 bp
The Good’s coverages calculated by Mothur to reflect the depth of sequencing were greater than 99.75%, which indicates that the sequencing results represent the true condition of the microorganisms in the sample. These high-quality sequences were clustered into 2218 Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) based on similarity at a 97% threshold

Summary

Introduction

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), defined as diarrhea that occurs in association with the administration of antibiotics and without another clear etiology, is one of the most common adverse drug events of antibiotics therapy. We established a diarrhea model induced by gentamycin and cefradine to investigate the microbiota characteristics in the intestinal lumen of mice with AAD and provide insights into noteworthy bacteria related to gentamicin and cefradine-associated diarrhea. Antibiotics are frequently prescribed drugs for clinical treatment of various bacterial infections. Several adverse drug events (ADE) have emerged as the widespread use of antibiotics. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), defined as diarrhea that occurs in association with the administration of antibiotics and without. AAD is a complex disease that is affected by the host, infectious agent involved, and numerous clinical elements, including antibiotics therapeutic scheme.

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