Abstract
The gut microbiome may have an important influence on the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). To better understand the DM2 pandemic in ethnic minority groups in China, we investigated and compared the composition and richness of the gut microbiota of healthy, normal glucose tolerant (NGT) individuals and DM2 patients from two ethnic minority groups in Xinjiang, northwest China, the Uygurs and Kazaks. The conserved V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR from the isolated DNA. The amplified DNA was sequenced and analyzed. An average of 4047 high quality reads of unique tag sequences were obtained from the 40 Uygurs and Kazaks. The 3 most dominant bacterial families among all participants, both healthy and DM2 patients, were the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. Significant differences in intestinal microbiota were found between the NGT individuals and DM2 patients, as well as between the two ethnic groups. Our findings shed new light on the gut microbiome in relation to DM2. The differentiated microbiota data may be used for potential biomarkers for DM2 diagnosis and prevention.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease, in which the patient has high blood sugar over a prolonged period of time
We report a comparison of the gut microbiota of two ethnic groups, the Uygurs and Kazaks, in the northwest and southwest region of Xinjiang in China
Our data indicated that the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Enterobacteriaceae are the three dominant bacterial families in both healthy and Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients of the Kazaks and Uygurs
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) is a metabolic disease, in which the patient has high blood sugar over a prolonged period of time. It is caused either by inadequate production of insulin, or the body’s improper response to insulin, or both. It can cause many complications if left untreated, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney failure [1]. There are three major types of diabetes: types 1 and 2, and gestational. It is closely related to unhealthy lifestyles, overweight and physical inactivity. Lack of exercise, and other unhealthy lifestyle habits are associated with the development of diabetes [3]
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