Abstract
The main purpose of the article is the disclosure of the ideas of Gurdzhiyev’s anthropological doctrine in which the possibility of spiritual transformation of the person and his conscious evolution are emphasized. The author claims that in the conditions of dissociation of approaches and positions in the anthropological thought there is a need of appeal to the anthroposophic systems designed to fill onesidedness of such directions as psychoanalysis (in many respects absolutizing a role of unconscious processes), the behaviorism (concentrating on behavioral aspect of human existence), the existentialism (emphasizing hopelessness “abandonment of life in the world”). According to the author one of such systems is Gurdzhiyev’s system of conscious evolution of the person, the so-called “The Fourth Way” which is eligible for the status of the translater of the experience of Gnostic tradition in the 20th century.
Highlights
Nowadays those scientific areas which operate with the universal values implanted in various world outlook systems gain the strength and find the general importance
The longest and the most "unreliable" of them is a way of the fakir which consists of difficult exercises, sufferings, tortures of the body, development of physical will, achievement of the power over the body
The fakir can stand for years in one and the same position, he tortures himself by fire, cold, but as soon as he develops physical will in himself, he starts to develop other functions, emotional and intellectual
Summary
Nowadays those scientific areas which operate with the universal values implanted in various world outlook systems gain the strength and find the general importance (about challenges for modern socio-humanistic sciences: Zhuravleva, 2018; about the relevant moments of the humanitarian vector: Lektorsky, Avtonomova, Dubrovsky, Zagidullin, Ivanov, Kasavin, Katunin, Kuznetsova, Levin, Pirozhkova, Porus, Pruzhinin, Smirnova, Trufanova, Chertkova, Filatov, 2018; about humanism: Subbotina, 2018) It is caused by the situation which developed at a turn of two Millennium when the civilization appeared in the face of the problems called global, posing the threat of physical extermination of the person as a species. In this regard the requirement of consideration of the human nature is updated
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