Gundelia tournefortii Antidiabetic Efficacy: Chemical Composition and GLUT4 Translocation.

Sleman Kadan,Hilal Zaid,Bashar Saad,Yoel Sasson

doi:10.1155/2018/8294320

Abstract

In the present in vitro study, we tested the chemical composition, cytotoxicity and antidiabetic activity of two distinct extracts of wild Artichoke-like vegetable, Gundelia tournefortii: methanol and hexane. GC/MS phytochemical analysis of G. tournefortii methanol and hexane extracts revealed 39 compounds reported here for the first time in G. tournefortii out of the 45 detected compounds. Only Stigmasterol was present in both extracts. The efficacy of G. tournefortii extracts in enhancing glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the plasma membrane (PM) was tested in L6 muscle cells stably expressing myc-tagged GLUT4 (L6-GLUT4myc) using cell-ELISA test. Results obtained here indicate that methanol and hexane extracts were safe up to 250 μg/ml as measured with MTT and the LDH leakage assays. The methanol extract was the most efficient in GLUT4 translocation enhancement. It increased GLUT4 translocation at 63 μg/ml 1.5- and 2-fold relative to the control in the absence and presence of insulin, respectively. These findings indicate that G. tournefortii possesses antidiabetic activity in part by enhancing GLUT4 translocation to the PM in skeletal muscle.

Highlights

Plants produce a remarkably diverse array of thousands of secondary metabolites
The methanol extract was the most efficient in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation enhancement. It increased GLUT4 translocation at 63 μg/ml 1.5- and 2-fold relative to the control in the absence and presence of insulin, respectively. These findings indicate that G. tournefortii possesses antidiabetic activity in part by enhancing GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane (PM) in skeletal muscle
Several traditional used antidiabetic medicinal plants were reported to exert their hypoglycemic effects through increasing glucose transporter

Summary

Introduction

Plants produce a remarkably diverse array of thousands of secondary metabolites. In addition to their roles in the defense of plants against changing environmental conditions, they were reported to be beneficial in treating animals and human being diseases [1,2,3,4]. Circulating glucose levels can be balanced through controlling glucose production and utilization or through increasing insulin secretion and effectiveness as well as through increasing energy expenditure or reduction of energy intake [8, 9]. The action mechanism(s) of antidiabetic plants are usually insulin mimics, sensitizer, and secretagogues as well as inhibitors of intestinal carbohydrate digestion and absorption [2, 3, 10, 11]

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